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Madurai is a major city in the state of Tamil Nadu in southern India. It is the administrative headquarters of Madurai District. Madurai is the third largest city in Tamil Nadu[3] and the 31st largest urban agglomeration in India.[4] Located on the banks of River Vaigai, Madurai has been a major settlement for two millennia and is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world.[5][6]
Madurai is closely associated with the Tamil language,
as all three primary congregations of Tamil scholars, the Third Tamil Sangams,
were held in the city between 1780 BCE and the 3rd century CE.
The recorded history of the city goes back to the 3rd century BCE, b
eing mentioned by Megasthenes, the Greek ambassador to India, and Kautilya,
a minister of the Mauryan emperor Chandragupta Maurya. The city is believed to be
of significant antiquity and has been ruled, at different times, by the Early Pandyas,
Medieval Cholas, Later Cholas, Later Pandyas, Madurai Sultanate, Vijayanagar Empire, Madurai Nayaks, Chanda Sahib, Carnatic kingdom, and the British.
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